Update on Schistosomiasis Mansoni: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention

This study aims to present an update on schistosomiasis mansoni. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by trematode flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. S. mansoni is the only species of importance in the American continent. This disease is considered a serious public health problem in some countries. It is found in 72 countries and is endemic in at least 52 of them. Its pathogenesis depends on the parasite-host interaction and can affect different organs and systems, such as lungs, liver and urinary tract. The diagnosis includes detailed history, physical examination and laboratory tests, with the gold standard being the microscopic analysis of stool or urine. Currently, praziquantel has been widely used in the treatment of schistosomiasis. Moreover, the implementation of socio-educational intervention measures is essential to minimize the impact of this endemic disease.